Fly fishing in Tennessee has become more than just a pastime for me—it’s a way to connect deeply with nature, to find calm in the motion of water and the rhythm of casting line across rippling currents. With a landscape that stretches from the Appalachian highlands in the east to the lowland rivers in the west, Tennessee offers a stunning variety of fly fishing opportunities. From tailwaters packed with trout to freestone rivers brimming with smallmouth bass, the state delivers diverse and rewarding experiences for anglers of all levels. In this guide, I’ll walk you through the top Tennessee rivers for fly fishing, each of which has offered me unforgettable days on the water.
The South Holston River
Located near Bristol in the northeast corner of the state, the South Holston River is one of the most famous fly fishing destinations in Tennessee. It’s a tailwater below South Holston Dam, fed by cold, consistent flows from the bottom of the reservoir. This creates an ideal environment for trout, especially brown trout, which grow to impressive sizes here.
I’ve spent hours wading this river, particularly in the stretch between the dam and Bluff City. The clarity of the water is incredible, allowing me to sight fish in many sections. Midge and sulphur hatches are abundant, and on the right day, you’ll witness trout rising across the entire surface. Even on slow days, the challenge of matching the hatch and presenting the fly just right keeps me coming back.
The South Holston also has a catch-and-release section, and the brown trout here are wild, not just stocked. It’s truly a river where skills are tested and rewarded. If you’re looking to experience one of the top Tennessee rivers for fly fishing, this one belongs at the top of your list.
The Clinch River
Flowing out from Norris Dam near Clinton, the Clinch River is another iconic tailwater that offers year-round fishing thanks to its cold, controlled flows. Rainbow trout dominate here, though there are also good populations of browns and the occasional brookie.
I like to fish the Clinch early in the morning or in the evening, especially during summer when midge hatches are most active. This river has long, flat pools and gentle riffles that require stealth and precision. My go-to spot is around Miller Island, where the water fans out into ideal casting lanes with plenty of trout holding just beneath the surface.
The river can be crowded during weekends and hatch seasons, but there’s usually enough room to find your own rhythm. Drift boats are common, but I prefer wading the gravel bars when the water levels are low. This is without question one of the top Tennessee rivers for fly fishing if you appreciate technical casting and quality fish.
The Hiwassee River
In southeast Tennessee, the Hiwassee River winds through the Cherokee National Forest, offering not only excellent trout fishing but also some of the most beautiful scenery in the state. This is a larger river than some of the other tailwaters, and it offers wide runs and deep pools, making it a great place for both wading and floating.
One of my favorite stretches is from Reliance to the Powerhouse. This area is managed as a trout fishery and is regularly stocked with rainbows and browns. What sets the Hiwassee apart is the opportunity to cast dry flies to rising fish during caddis and sulphur hatches. I’ve had afternoons where nearly every cast was met with a rise.
The flow of the Hiwassee is controlled by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), and water levels can change depending on dam releases. Always check the schedule before heading out. But when the flow is right, it becomes one of the most productive and enjoyable rivers to fly fish in the region.
The Caney Fork River
Middle Tennessee offers its own gem in the Caney Fork River, a tailwater below Center Hill Dam near Smithville. It’s become one of my go-to rivers when I want a peaceful day on the water with steady trout action and a beautiful rural backdrop.
The Caney Fork is known for its mix of rainbow, brown, and brook trout. It’s regularly stocked and has seen efforts to improve habitat and support wild populations. The nine-mile stretch from the dam to Betty’s Island is the most popular section for fly anglers, and it’s where I’ve had some of my best days throwing streamers and dry flies.
One of the things I enjoy about the Caney Fork is its accessibility. There are multiple public access points and the river is forgiving for beginners while still challenging enough for experienced anglers. Whether wading or floating, it consistently earns its spot among the top Tennessee rivers for fly fishing.
The Elk River
Often overshadowed by more well-known tailwaters, the Elk River near Lynchburg is one of Tennessee’s hidden treasures for fly anglers. Flowing from Tims Ford Dam, it maintains cold water temperatures that support a healthy trout fishery.
I enjoy the Elk for its quiet, pastoral setting and relatively low pressure. You’re not likely to run into crowds here, and that makes for a relaxed day of casting. The river meanders through farmland and wooded banks, offering plenty of shady spots and overhanging limbs that provide cover for fish.
The stretch between the dam and Farris Creek Bridge is the most productive, and I’ve found success here with nymphs and small streamers. This river is great for wading, and the water levels are usually predictable. If solitude and a chance to focus on technique are what you’re after, the Elk River is a perfect fit.
The Little River
Heading into the Great Smoky Mountains, the Little River offers a completely different fly fishing experience from the tailwaters. It’s a freestone river with fast water, deep pools, and pocket water that challenges your reading of currents and structure.
I’ve hiked into some of the upper sections near Elkmont and Tremont, where the river becomes a series of cascading runs surrounded by rhododendron and mossy boulders. The wild rainbow and brown trout here aren’t huge, but they’re vibrant, healthy, and willing to take a dry fly with enthusiasm.
The Little River demands mobility and awareness—you’re constantly moving, casting at tight angles, and avoiding overhanging branches. I love the adventure it brings, and the setting couldn’t be more scenic. It deserves a place among the top Tennessee rivers for fly fishing because of its blend of wild fish, classic mountain character, and rewarding challenges.
The Tellico River
Also located in the Cherokee National Forest, the Tellico River is another freestone gem that offers incredible opportunities for fly fishing, especially in the spring and fall. This river is heavily stocked but also supports wild trout in the upper reaches.
I typically start my day on the main Tellico, working its wide, rock-strewn runs with a nymph rig. Later, I move upstream or explore its tributaries—especially North River and Bald River—for a shot at wild rainbows and brook trout. These smaller creeks require stealth and precision but provide some of the most rewarding fly fishing experiences I’ve had.
The Tellico-Citico area is full of fishable water and feels remote, which I find adds to the immersion. The river is also regulated under the Tellico-Citico permit system, which helps manage pressure and maintain the health of the fishery.
Seasonal Considerations for Fly Fishing
Tennessee’s varied geography means that fly fishing can be productive year-round, but each season offers a different experience. In spring, I focus on freestone rivers like the Little River and Tellico, where insect hatches pick up as temperatures rise. Sulphurs, caddis, and blue-winged olives dominate, and dry fly fishing really comes to life.
Summer tends to slow things down on the freestones due to warmer water temperatures, so I shift to tailwaters like the South Holston or Clinch, which stay cold thanks to dam releases. Early mornings and evenings are prime times, and midges or terrestrials can be especially effective.
Fall brings cooler temperatures and renewed activity across all water types. I love this time of year for streamer fishing and watching aggressive brown trout start to spawn. Winter is quieter, but on the right day, tailwaters can still be productive—just prepare for slower, more technical fishing.
Fly Patterns and Gear Suggestions
Matching your gear and flies to each river can make a big difference in success. For most Tennessee rivers, I use a 4 or 5-weight rod with floating line. Tailwaters often require 6x tippet and tiny flies, especially midges and emergers. On freestone rivers, I can get away with 4x and larger flies like stimulators and attractor nymphs.
Some patterns that work consistently for me across the state include:
- Zebra Midges (black or red)
- Pheasant Tail Nymphs
- Parachute Adams
- Elk Hair Caddis
- Woolly Buggers
- Soft Hackles
- Terrestrials (ants, beetles, hoppers in summer)
Having a good pair of polarized sunglasses and wading boots with solid grip is essential for reading water and staying safe. I also carry a net with a rubber basket, forceps, and a waterproof fly box.
Conservation and Ethics on the Water
Fly fishing in Tennessee wouldn’t be what it is today without the work of conservation groups, state agencies, and responsible anglers. When I’m on the water, I practice catch and release unless regulations say otherwise, and I try to handle fish with wet hands and minimal time out of the water.
I also respect private property boundaries and pack out every bit of trash I bring in. It’s important that we leave the rivers as clean—or cleaner—than we found them. Many of these streams are part of sensitive ecosystems, and every little bit helps to protect them.
Conclusion
The top Tennessee rivers for fly fishing provide a wide array of challenges, rewards, and beautiful scenery. Whether I’m casting tiny midges on the South Holston, drifting dry flies on the Caney Fork, or hopping boulders in the Smokies chasing wild trout, I find new reasons to fall in love with fly fishing every time I hit the water.
Each river offers its own personality, from the technical demands of tailwaters to the rugged charm of freestones. The diversity here is one of the state’s greatest assets—no matter your style or skill level, there’s a river waiting for you.
Fly fishing in Tennessee isn’t just about catching fish. It’s about time spent outside, immersed in quiet, rhythm, and connection. If you’re looking to explore the top Tennessee rivers for fly fishing, prepare for more than a great catch. You’re stepping into an experience that feeds both soul and spirit, cast after cast.